Skip to content

Embed Benchmarks

Compares llama.cpp-based embedding functions on metrics:

  • end-to-end query latency,
  • embedding-only latency,
  • insert throughput,
  • and recall

...across multiple GGUF embedding models, search backends, and corpus types.

Both embedding functions use llama.cpp under the hood to run GGUF-format embedding models. This benchmark compares their end-to-end performance.

Embedding Functions

Function Description
muninn_embed muninn native llama.cpp embedding wrapper
lembed sqlite-lembed llama.cpp embedding wrapper

Search Backends

Backend Method Strategy
muninn HNSW HNSW graph index Approximate, O(log N) search
sqlite-vector PQ Product Quantization Approximate, O(N) scan
sqlite-vec brute Brute-force KNN Exact, O(N) scan

GGUF Embedding Models

Model Dimension Params GGUF File
MiniLM 384 22M all-MiniLM-L6-v2.Q8_0.gguf
NomicEmbed 768 137M nomic-embed-text-v1.5.Q8_0.gguf

Datasets

Dataset Source Passages Topology
AG News HuggingFace ~120K 4 discrete clusters
Wealth of Nations Project Gutenberg ~2,500 (256-token windows, 50-token overlap) Continuous conceptual gradient

Query+Search Latency — AG News

Query Embed+Search Latency (MiniLM / AG News)

{ "data": [ { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + muninn-hnsw", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 3.796, 4.79, 3.756, 4.287 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(175, 75%, 45%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(175, 75%, 45%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + muninn-hnsw" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + sqlite-vec-brute", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 3.803, 3.9755, 4.344, 5.434 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(50, 75%, 45%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(50, 75%, 45%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_sqlite-vec-brute", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + sqlite-vec-brute" }, "error_y": { "type": "data", "symmetric": false, "array": [ 0.0, 0.22849999999999993, 0.0, 0.0 ], "arrayminus": [ 0.0, 0.22849999999999993, 0.0, 0.0 ], "visible": true } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + sqlite-vector-pq", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 4.044, 3.837, 3.832, 4.296 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(130, 75%, 45%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(130, 75%, 45%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_sqlite-vector-pq", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + sqlite-vector-pq" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + muninn-hnsw", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 3.5575, 4.304, 3.575, 3.661 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(270, 75%, 45%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(270, 75%, 45%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + muninn-hnsw" }, "error_y": { "type": "data", "symmetric": false, "array": [ 0.15949999999999998, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 ], "arrayminus": [ 0.15949999999999998, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 ], "visible": true } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vec-brute", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 3.561, 3.392, 3.9, 4.483 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(240, 75%, 45%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(240, 75%, 45%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_sqlite-vec-brute", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vec-brute" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vector-pq", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 3.526, 3.183, 3.785, 3.666 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(300, 75%, 45%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(300, 75%, 45%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_sqlite-vector-pq", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vector-pq" } } ], "layout": { "title": { "text": "Query Embed+Search Latency (MiniLM / AG News)" }, "xaxis": { "title": { "text": "Dataset Size (N vectors)" }, "type": "log" }, "yaxis": { "title": { "text": "Query Embed+Search Latency (ms)" }, "type": "log" }, "template": "plotly_white", "legend": { "orientation": "v", "yanchor": "top", "y": 0.99, "xanchor": "left", "x": 1.02, "groupclick": "togglegroup" } } }

Query Embed+Search Latency (NomicEmbed / AG News)

{ "data": [ { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + muninn-hnsw", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 30.728, 26.857, 28.107, 29.728 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(175, 75%, 45%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(175, 75%, 45%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + muninn-hnsw" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + sqlite-vec-brute", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 33.955, 27.374, 29.235, 31.586 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(50, 75%, 45%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(50, 75%, 45%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_sqlite-vec-brute", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + sqlite-vec-brute" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + sqlite-vector-pq", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 36.736, 27.32, 27.359, 29.741 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(130, 75%, 45%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(130, 75%, 45%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_sqlite-vector-pq", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + sqlite-vector-pq" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + muninn-hnsw", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 26.42, 22.264, 24.374, 23.252 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(270, 75%, 45%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(270, 75%, 45%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + muninn-hnsw" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vec-brute", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 24.756, 23.8, 26.796, 26.797 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(240, 75%, 45%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(240, 75%, 45%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_sqlite-vec-brute", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vec-brute" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vector-pq", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 25.37, 22.454, 24.22, 23.975 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(300, 75%, 45%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(300, 75%, 45%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_sqlite-vector-pq", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vector-pq" } } ], "layout": { "title": { "text": "Query Embed+Search Latency (NomicEmbed / AG News)" }, "xaxis": { "title": { "text": "Dataset Size (N vectors)" }, "type": "log" }, "yaxis": { "title": { "text": "Query Embed+Search Latency (ms)" }, "type": "log" }, "template": "plotly_white", "legend": { "orientation": "v", "yanchor": "top", "y": 0.99, "xanchor": "left", "x": 1.02, "groupclick": "togglegroup" } } }

Query+Search Latency — Wealth of Nations

Query Embed+Search Latency (MiniLM / Wealth of Nations)

{ "data": [ { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + muninn-hnsw", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 2.336 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(175, 75%, 45%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(175, 75%, 45%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + muninn-hnsw" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + sqlite-vec-brute", "x": [ 100, 500 ], "y": [ 2.529, 16.95 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(50, 75%, 45%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(50, 75%, 45%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_sqlite-vec-brute", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + sqlite-vec-brute" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + sqlite-vector-pq", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 2.459 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(130, 75%, 45%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(130, 75%, 45%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_sqlite-vector-pq", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + sqlite-vector-pq" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + muninn-hnsw", "x": [ 100, 500 ], "y": [ 2.269, 19.266 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(270, 75%, 45%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(270, 75%, 45%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + muninn-hnsw" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vec-brute", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000 ], "y": [ 2.344, 15.481, 18.175 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(240, 75%, 45%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(240, 75%, 45%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_sqlite-vec-brute", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vec-brute" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vector-pq", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000 ], "y": [ 1.67, 1.744, 1.649 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(300, 75%, 45%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(300, 75%, 45%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_sqlite-vector-pq", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vector-pq" } } ], "layout": { "title": { "text": "Query Embed+Search Latency (MiniLM / Wealth of Nations)" }, "xaxis": { "title": { "text": "Dataset Size (N vectors)" }, "type": "log" }, "yaxis": { "title": { "text": "Query Embed+Search Latency (ms)" }, "type": "log" }, "template": "plotly_white", "legend": { "orientation": "v", "yanchor": "top", "y": 0.99, "xanchor": "left", "x": 1.02, "groupclick": "togglegroup" } } }

Query Embed+Search Latency (NomicEmbed / Wealth of Nations)

{ "data": [ { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + muninn-hnsw", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 20.925 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(175, 75%, 45%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(175, 75%, 45%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + muninn-hnsw" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + sqlite-vec-brute", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 20.759 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(50, 75%, 45%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(50, 75%, 45%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_sqlite-vec-brute", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + sqlite-vec-brute" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + sqlite-vector-pq", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 21.163 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(130, 75%, 45%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(130, 75%, 45%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_sqlite-vector-pq", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + sqlite-vector-pq" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + muninn-hnsw", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 15.797 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(270, 75%, 45%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(270, 75%, 45%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + muninn-hnsw" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vec-brute", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 15.363 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(240, 75%, 45%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(240, 75%, 45%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_sqlite-vec-brute", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vec-brute" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vector-pq", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 14.273 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(300, 75%, 45%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(300, 75%, 45%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_sqlite-vector-pq", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vector-pq" } } ], "layout": { "title": { "text": "Query Embed+Search Latency (NomicEmbed / Wealth of Nations)" }, "xaxis": { "title": { "text": "Dataset Size (N vectors)" }, "type": "log" }, "yaxis": { "title": { "text": "Query Embed+Search Latency (ms)" }, "type": "log" }, "template": "plotly_white", "legend": { "orientation": "v", "yanchor": "top", "y": 0.99, "xanchor": "left", "x": 1.02, "groupclick": "togglegroup" } } }

Cross-Model Comparison — AG News

Cross-Model Comparison (AG News)

{ "data": [ { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + muninn-hnsw / BGE-Large", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 99.965 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(175, 85%, 58%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(175, 85%, 58%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + muninn-hnsw" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + muninn-hnsw / MiniLM", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 3.796, 4.79, 3.756, 4.287 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(175, 78%, 47%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(175, 78%, 47%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + muninn-hnsw" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + muninn-hnsw / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 30.728, 26.857, 28.107, 29.728 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(175, 70%, 35%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(175, 70%, 35%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + muninn-hnsw" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + sqlite-vec-brute / MiniLM", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 3.803, 3.9755, 4.344, 5.434 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(50, 85%, 58%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(50, 85%, 58%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_sqlite-vec-brute", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + sqlite-vec-brute" }, "error_y": { "type": "data", "symmetric": false, "array": [ 0.0, 0.22849999999999993, 0.0, 0.0 ], "arrayminus": [ 0.0, 0.22849999999999993, 0.0, 0.0 ], "visible": true } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + sqlite-vec-brute / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 33.955, 27.374, 29.235, 31.586 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(50, 70%, 35%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(50, 70%, 35%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_sqlite-vec-brute", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + sqlite-vec-brute" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + sqlite-vector-pq / MiniLM", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 4.044, 3.837, 3.832, 4.296 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(130, 85%, 58%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(130, 85%, 58%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_sqlite-vector-pq", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + sqlite-vector-pq" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + sqlite-vector-pq / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 36.736, 27.32, 27.359, 29.741 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(130, 70%, 35%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(130, 70%, 35%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_sqlite-vector-pq", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + sqlite-vector-pq" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + muninn-hnsw / MiniLM", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 3.5575, 4.304, 3.575, 3.661 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(270, 85%, 58%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(270, 85%, 58%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + muninn-hnsw" }, "error_y": { "type": "data", "symmetric": false, "array": [ 0.15949999999999998, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 ], "arrayminus": [ 0.15949999999999998, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 ], "visible": true } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + muninn-hnsw / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 26.42, 22.264, 24.374, 23.252 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(270, 70%, 35%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(270, 70%, 35%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + muninn-hnsw" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vec-brute / MiniLM", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 3.561, 3.392, 3.9, 4.483 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(240, 85%, 58%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(240, 85%, 58%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_sqlite-vec-brute", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vec-brute" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vec-brute / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 24.756, 23.8, 26.796, 26.797 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(240, 70%, 35%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(240, 70%, 35%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_sqlite-vec-brute", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vec-brute" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vector-pq / MiniLM", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 3.526, 3.183, 3.785, 3.666 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(300, 85%, 58%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(300, 85%, 58%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_sqlite-vector-pq", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vector-pq" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vector-pq / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 25.37, 22.454, 24.22, 23.975 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(300, 70%, 35%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(300, 70%, 35%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_sqlite-vector-pq", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vector-pq" } } ], "layout": { "title": { "text": "Cross-Model Comparison (AG News)" }, "xaxis": { "title": { "text": "Dataset Size (N vectors)" }, "type": "log" }, "yaxis": { "title": { "text": "Query Embed+Search Latency (ms)" }, "type": "log" }, "template": "plotly_white", "legend": { "orientation": "v", "yanchor": "top", "y": 0.99, "xanchor": "left", "x": 1.02, "groupclick": "togglegroup" } } }

Cross-Model Comparison — Wealth of Nations

Cross-Model Comparison (Wealth of Nations)

{ "data": [ { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + muninn-hnsw / MiniLM", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 2.336 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(175, 85%, 58%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(175, 85%, 58%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + muninn-hnsw" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + muninn-hnsw / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 20.925 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(175, 70%, 35%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(175, 70%, 35%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + muninn-hnsw" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + sqlite-vec-brute / MiniLM", "x": [ 100, 500 ], "y": [ 2.529, 16.95 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(50, 85%, 58%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(50, 85%, 58%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_sqlite-vec-brute", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + sqlite-vec-brute" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + sqlite-vec-brute / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 20.759 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(50, 70%, 35%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(50, 70%, 35%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_sqlite-vec-brute", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + sqlite-vec-brute" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + sqlite-vector-pq / MiniLM", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 2.459 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(130, 85%, 58%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(130, 85%, 58%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_sqlite-vector-pq", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + sqlite-vector-pq" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + sqlite-vector-pq / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 21.163 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(130, 70%, 35%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(130, 70%, 35%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_sqlite-vector-pq", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + sqlite-vector-pq" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + muninn-hnsw / MiniLM", "x": [ 100, 500 ], "y": [ 2.269, 19.266 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(270, 85%, 58%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(270, 85%, 58%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + muninn-hnsw" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + muninn-hnsw / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 15.797 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(270, 70%, 35%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(270, 70%, 35%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + muninn-hnsw" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vec-brute / MiniLM", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000 ], "y": [ 2.344, 15.481, 18.175 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(240, 85%, 58%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(240, 85%, 58%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_sqlite-vec-brute", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vec-brute" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vec-brute / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 15.363 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(240, 70%, 35%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(240, 70%, 35%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_sqlite-vec-brute", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vec-brute" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vector-pq / MiniLM", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000 ], "y": [ 1.67, 1.744, 1.649 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(300, 85%, 58%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(300, 85%, 58%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_sqlite-vector-pq", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vector-pq" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vector-pq / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 14.273 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(300, 70%, 35%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(300, 70%, 35%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_sqlite-vector-pq", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vector-pq" } } ], "layout": { "title": { "text": "Cross-Model Comparison (Wealth of Nations)" }, "xaxis": { "title": { "text": "Dataset Size (N vectors)" }, "type": "log" }, "yaxis": { "title": { "text": "Query Embed+Search Latency (ms)" }, "type": "log" }, "template": "plotly_white", "legend": { "orientation": "v", "yanchor": "top", "y": 0.99, "xanchor": "left", "x": 1.02, "groupclick": "togglegroup" } } }

Embedding-Only Latency

Embedding-Only Latency (AG News)

{ "data": [ { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + muninn-hnsw / BGE-Large", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 99.823 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(175, 85%, 58%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(175, 85%, 58%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + muninn-hnsw" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + muninn-hnsw / MiniLM", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 3.716, 4.588, 3.511, 3.92 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(175, 78%, 47%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(175, 78%, 47%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + muninn-hnsw" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + muninn-hnsw / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 30.603, 26.642, 27.821, 29.238 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(175, 70%, 35%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(175, 70%, 35%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + muninn-hnsw" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + sqlite-vec-brute / MiniLM", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 3.607, 3.7785, 3.848, 3.924 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(50, 85%, 58%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(50, 85%, 58%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_sqlite-vec-brute", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + sqlite-vec-brute" }, "error_y": { "type": "data", "symmetric": false, "array": [ 0.0, 0.2214999999999998, 0.0, 0.0 ], "arrayminus": [ 0.0, 0.22150000000000025, 0.0, 0.0 ], "visible": true } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + sqlite-vec-brute / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 33.207, 26.761, 27.944, 28.281 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(50, 70%, 35%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(50, 70%, 35%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_sqlite-vec-brute", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + sqlite-vec-brute" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + sqlite-vector-pq / MiniLM", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 3.992, 3.764, 3.718, 3.87 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(130, 85%, 58%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(130, 85%, 58%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_sqlite-vector-pq", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + sqlite-vector-pq" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + sqlite-vector-pq / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 36.6, 27.176, 27.141, 28.55 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(130, 70%, 35%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(130, 70%, 35%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_sqlite-vector-pq", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + sqlite-vector-pq" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + muninn-hnsw / MiniLM", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 3.4779999999999998, 4.148, 3.375, 3.367 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(270, 85%, 58%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(270, 85%, 58%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + muninn-hnsw" }, "error_y": { "type": "data", "symmetric": false, "array": [ 0.15100000000000025, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 ], "arrayminus": [ 0.1509999999999998, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 ], "visible": true } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + muninn-hnsw / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 26.288, 22.045, 24.105, 22.819 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(270, 70%, 35%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(270, 70%, 35%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + muninn-hnsw" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vec-brute / MiniLM", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 3.326, 3.199, 3.434, 3.125 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(240, 85%, 58%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(240, 85%, 58%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_sqlite-vec-brute", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vec-brute" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vec-brute / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 23.977, 23.147, 25.492, 23.635 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(240, 70%, 35%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(240, 70%, 35%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_sqlite-vec-brute", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vec-brute" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vector-pq / MiniLM", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 3.485, 3.134, 3.707, 3.271 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(300, 85%, 58%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(300, 85%, 58%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_sqlite-vector-pq", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vector-pq" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vector-pq / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 25.272, 22.323, 24.024, 22.701 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(300, 70%, 35%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(300, 70%, 35%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_sqlite-vector-pq", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vector-pq" } } ], "layout": { "title": { "text": "Embedding-Only Latency (AG News)" }, "xaxis": { "title": { "text": "Dataset Size (N vectors)" }, "type": "log" }, "yaxis": { "title": { "text": "Embedding-Only Latency (ms)" }, "type": "log" }, "template": "plotly_white", "legend": { "orientation": "v", "yanchor": "top", "y": 0.99, "xanchor": "left", "x": 1.02, "groupclick": "togglegroup" } } }

Embedding-Only Latency (Wealth of Nations)

{ "data": [ { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + muninn-hnsw / MiniLM", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 2.269 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(175, 85%, 58%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(175, 85%, 58%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + muninn-hnsw" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + muninn-hnsw / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 20.798 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(175, 70%, 35%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(175, 70%, 35%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + muninn-hnsw" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + sqlite-vec-brute / MiniLM", "x": [ 100, 500 ], "y": [ 2.338, 15.825 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(50, 85%, 58%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(50, 85%, 58%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_sqlite-vec-brute", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + sqlite-vec-brute" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + sqlite-vec-brute / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 19.883 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(50, 70%, 35%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(50, 70%, 35%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_sqlite-vec-brute", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + sqlite-vec-brute" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + sqlite-vector-pq / MiniLM", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 2.423 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(130, 85%, 58%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(130, 85%, 58%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_sqlite-vector-pq", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + sqlite-vector-pq" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + sqlite-vector-pq / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 21.037 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(130, 70%, 35%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(130, 70%, 35%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_sqlite-vector-pq", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + sqlite-vector-pq" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + muninn-hnsw / MiniLM", "x": [ 100, 500 ], "y": [ 2.19, 18.792 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(270, 85%, 58%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(270, 85%, 58%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + muninn-hnsw" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + muninn-hnsw / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 15.679 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(270, 70%, 35%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(270, 70%, 35%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + muninn-hnsw" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vec-brute / MiniLM", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000 ], "y": [ 2.083, 14.344, 16.46 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(240, 85%, 58%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(240, 85%, 58%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_sqlite-vec-brute", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vec-brute" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vec-brute / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 14.511 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(240, 70%, 35%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(240, 70%, 35%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_sqlite-vec-brute", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vec-brute" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vector-pq / MiniLM", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000 ], "y": [ 1.633, 1.694, 1.574 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(300, 85%, 58%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(300, 85%, 58%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_sqlite-vector-pq", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vector-pq" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vector-pq / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 14.19 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(300, 70%, 35%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(300, 70%, 35%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_sqlite-vector-pq", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vector-pq" } } ], "layout": { "title": { "text": "Embedding-Only Latency (Wealth of Nations)" }, "xaxis": { "title": { "text": "Dataset Size (N vectors)" }, "type": "log" }, "yaxis": { "title": { "text": "Embedding-Only Latency (ms)" }, "type": "log" }, "template": "plotly_white", "legend": { "orientation": "v", "yanchor": "top", "y": 0.99, "xanchor": "left", "x": 1.02, "groupclick": "togglegroup" } } }

Insert Throughput

Embed+Insert Throughput (AG News)

{ "data": [ { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + muninn-hnsw / BGE-Large", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 9.9 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(175, 85%, 58%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(175, 85%, 58%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + muninn-hnsw" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + muninn-hnsw / MiniLM", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 150.1, 115.8, 125.8, 111.5 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(175, 78%, 47%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(175, 78%, 47%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + muninn-hnsw" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + muninn-hnsw / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 27.1, 31.1, 31.2, 29.4 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(175, 70%, 35%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(175, 70%, 35%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + muninn-hnsw" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + sqlite-vec-brute / MiniLM", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 247.4, 256.9, 261.2, 259.7 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(50, 85%, 58%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(50, 85%, 58%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_sqlite-vec-brute", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + sqlite-vec-brute" }, "error_y": { "type": "data", "symmetric": false, "array": [ 0.0, 2.400000000000034, 0.0, 0.0 ], "arrayminus": [ 0.0, 2.3999999999999773, 0.0, 0.0 ], "visible": true } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + sqlite-vec-brute / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 32.5, 35.8, 36.2, 34.9 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(50, 70%, 35%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(50, 70%, 35%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_sqlite-vec-brute", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + sqlite-vec-brute" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + sqlite-vector-pq / MiniLM", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 266.9, 247.9, 247.6, 256.1 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(130, 85%, 58%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(130, 85%, 58%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_sqlite-vector-pq", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + sqlite-vector-pq" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + sqlite-vector-pq / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 29.3, 35.9, 36.0, 35.5 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(130, 70%, 35%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(130, 70%, 35%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_sqlite-vector-pq", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + sqlite-vector-pq" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + muninn-hnsw / MiniLM", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 148.6, 138.3, 139.8, 119.3 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(270, 85%, 58%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(270, 85%, 58%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + muninn-hnsw" }, "error_y": { "type": "data", "symmetric": false, "array": [ 10.099999999999994, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 ], "arrayminus": [ 10.099999999999994, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 ], "visible": true } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + muninn-hnsw / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 34.0, 34.1, 34.6, 33.3 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(270, 70%, 35%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(270, 70%, 35%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + muninn-hnsw" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vec-brute / MiniLM", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 252.0, 261.3, 273.0, 267.0 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(240, 85%, 58%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(240, 85%, 58%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_sqlite-vec-brute", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vec-brute" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vec-brute / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 36.2, 41.4, 40.4, 40.0 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(240, 70%, 35%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(240, 70%, 35%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_sqlite-vec-brute", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vec-brute" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vector-pq / MiniLM", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 266.2, 254.9, 289.5, 281.3 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(300, 85%, 58%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(300, 85%, 58%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_sqlite-vector-pq", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vector-pq" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vector-pq / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 33.3, 39.9, 40.2, 39.7 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(300, 70%, 35%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(300, 70%, 35%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_sqlite-vector-pq", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vector-pq" } } ], "layout": { "title": { "text": "Embed+Insert Throughput (AG News)" }, "xaxis": { "title": { "text": "Dataset Size (N vectors)" }, "type": "log" }, "yaxis": { "title": { "text": "Embed+Insert Rate (vectors/sec)" }, "type": "linear" }, "template": "plotly_white", "legend": { "orientation": "v", "yanchor": "top", "y": 0.99, "xanchor": "left", "x": 1.02, "groupclick": "togglegroup" } } }

Embed+Insert Throughput (Wealth of Nations)

{ "data": [ { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + muninn-hnsw / MiniLM", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 46.0 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(175, 85%, 58%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(175, 85%, 58%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + muninn-hnsw" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + muninn-hnsw / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 8.3 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(175, 70%, 35%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(175, 70%, 35%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + muninn-hnsw" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + sqlite-vec-brute / MiniLM", "x": [ 100, 500 ], "y": [ 52.0, 5.1 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(50, 85%, 58%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(50, 85%, 58%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_sqlite-vec-brute", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + sqlite-vec-brute" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + sqlite-vec-brute / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 8.3 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(50, 70%, 35%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(50, 70%, 35%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_sqlite-vec-brute", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + sqlite-vec-brute" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + sqlite-vector-pq / MiniLM", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 52.0 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(130, 85%, 58%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(130, 85%, 58%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_sqlite-vector-pq", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + sqlite-vector-pq" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + sqlite-vector-pq / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 8.2 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(130, 70%, 35%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(130, 70%, 35%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_sqlite-vector-pq", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + sqlite-vector-pq" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + muninn-hnsw / MiniLM", "x": [ 100, 500 ], "y": [ 23.1, 4.7 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(270, 85%, 58%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(270, 85%, 58%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + muninn-hnsw" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + muninn-hnsw / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 4.6 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(270, 70%, 35%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(270, 70%, 35%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + muninn-hnsw" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vec-brute / MiniLM", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000 ], "y": [ 24.8, 4.8, 5.2 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(240, 85%, 58%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(240, 85%, 58%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_sqlite-vec-brute", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vec-brute" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vec-brute / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 4.8 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(240, 70%, 35%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(240, 70%, 35%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_sqlite-vec-brute", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vec-brute" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vector-pq / MiniLM", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000 ], "y": [ 25.1, 25.6, 25.6 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(300, 85%, 58%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(300, 85%, 58%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_sqlite-vector-pq", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vector-pq" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vector-pq / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 4.7 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(300, 70%, 35%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(300, 70%, 35%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_sqlite-vector-pq", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vector-pq" } } ], "layout": { "title": { "text": "Embed+Insert Throughput (Wealth of Nations)" }, "xaxis": { "title": { "text": "Dataset Size (N vectors)" }, "type": "log" }, "yaxis": { "title": { "text": "Embed+Insert Rate (vectors/sec)" }, "type": "linear" }, "template": "plotly_white", "legend": { "orientation": "v", "yanchor": "top", "y": 0.99, "xanchor": "left", "x": 1.02, "groupclick": "togglegroup" } } }

Recall

Recall@k (AG News)

{ "data": [ { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + muninn-hnsw / BGE-Large", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 0.702 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(175, 85%, 58%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(175, 85%, 58%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + muninn-hnsw" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + muninn-hnsw / MiniLM", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 0.652, 0.92, 0.941, 0.973 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(175, 78%, 47%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(175, 78%, 47%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + muninn-hnsw" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + muninn-hnsw / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 0.658, 0.913, 0.97, 0.953 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(175, 70%, 35%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(175, 70%, 35%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + muninn-hnsw" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + sqlite-vec-brute / MiniLM", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 0.649, 0.908, 0.96, 0.989 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(50, 85%, 58%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(50, 85%, 58%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_sqlite-vec-brute", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + sqlite-vec-brute" }, "error_y": { "type": "data", "symmetric": false, "array": [ 0.0, 0.0050000000000000044, 0.0, 0.0 ], "arrayminus": [ 0.0, 0.0050000000000000044, 0.0, 0.0 ], "visible": true } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + sqlite-vec-brute / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 0.67, 0.935, 0.96, 0.991 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(50, 70%, 35%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(50, 70%, 35%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_sqlite-vec-brute", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + sqlite-vec-brute" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + sqlite-vector-pq / MiniLM", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 0.7, 0.911, 0.954, 0.985 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(130, 85%, 58%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(130, 85%, 58%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_sqlite-vector-pq", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + sqlite-vector-pq" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + sqlite-vector-pq / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 0.685, 0.911, 0.956, 0.978 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(130, 70%, 35%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(130, 70%, 35%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_sqlite-vector-pq", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + sqlite-vector-pq" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + muninn-hnsw / MiniLM", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 0.6685000000000001, 0.921, 0.944, 0.949 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(270, 85%, 58%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(270, 85%, 58%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + muninn-hnsw" }, "error_y": { "type": "data", "symmetric": false, "array": [ 0.0004999999999999449, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 ], "arrayminus": [ 0.000500000000000056, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 ], "visible": true } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + muninn-hnsw / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 0.635, 0.888, 0.925, 0.902 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(270, 70%, 35%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(270, 70%, 35%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + muninn-hnsw" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vec-brute / MiniLM", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 0.628, 0.919, 0.956, 0.971 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(240, 85%, 58%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(240, 85%, 58%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_sqlite-vec-brute", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vec-brute" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vec-brute / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 0.654, 0.898, 0.951, 0.958 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(240, 70%, 35%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(240, 70%, 35%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_sqlite-vec-brute", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vec-brute" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vector-pq / MiniLM", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 0.669, 0.921, 0.949, 0.977 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(300, 85%, 58%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(300, 85%, 58%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_sqlite-vector-pq", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vector-pq" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vector-pq / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ], "y": [ 0.68, 0.901, 0.932, 0.951 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(300, 70%, 35%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(300, 70%, 35%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_sqlite-vector-pq", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vector-pq" } } ], "layout": { "title": { "text": "Recall@k (AG News)" }, "xaxis": { "title": { "text": "Dataset Size (N vectors)" }, "type": "log" }, "yaxis": { "title": { "text": "Recall@k" }, "type": "linear" }, "template": "plotly_white", "legend": { "orientation": "v", "yanchor": "top", "y": 0.99, "xanchor": "left", "x": 1.02, "groupclick": "togglegroup" } } }

Recall@k (Wealth of Nations)

{ "data": [ { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + muninn-hnsw / MiniLM", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 0.675 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(175, 85%, 58%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(175, 85%, 58%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + muninn-hnsw" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + muninn-hnsw / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 0.682 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(175, 70%, 35%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(175, 70%, 35%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + muninn-hnsw" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + sqlite-vec-brute / MiniLM", "x": [ 100, 500 ], "y": [ 0.641, 0.89 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(50, 85%, 58%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(50, 85%, 58%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_sqlite-vec-brute", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + sqlite-vec-brute" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + sqlite-vec-brute / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 0.631 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(50, 70%, 35%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(50, 70%, 35%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_sqlite-vec-brute", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + sqlite-vec-brute" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + sqlite-vector-pq / MiniLM", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 0.679 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(130, 85%, 58%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(130, 85%, 58%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_sqlite-vector-pq", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + sqlite-vector-pq" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "lembed + sqlite-vector-pq / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 0.693 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(130, 70%, 35%)", "size": 7 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(130, 70%, 35%)", "width": 2 }, "opacity": 0.6, "legendgroup": "lembed_sqlite-vector-pq", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "lembed + sqlite-vector-pq" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + muninn-hnsw / MiniLM", "x": [ 100, 500 ], "y": [ 0.654, 0.907 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(270, 85%, 58%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(270, 85%, 58%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + muninn-hnsw" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + muninn-hnsw / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 0.643 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(270, 70%, 35%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(270, 70%, 35%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_muninn-hnsw", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + muninn-hnsw" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vec-brute / MiniLM", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000 ], "y": [ 0.633, 0.902, 0.944 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(240, 85%, 58%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(240, 85%, 58%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_sqlite-vec-brute", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vec-brute" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vec-brute / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 0.607 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(240, 70%, 35%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(240, 70%, 35%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_sqlite-vec-brute", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vec-brute" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vector-pq / MiniLM", "x": [ 100, 500, 1000 ], "y": [ 0.674, 0.912, 0.942 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(300, 85%, 58%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(300, 85%, 58%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_sqlite-vector-pq", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vector-pq" } }, { "type": "scatter", "mode": "lines+markers", "name": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vector-pq / NomicEmbed", "x": [ 100 ], "y": [ 0.666 ], "marker": { "color": "hsl(300, 70%, 35%)", "size": 8 }, "line": { "color": "hsl(300, 70%, 35%)", "width": 3 }, "opacity": 1.0, "legendgroup": "muninn_embed_sqlite-vector-pq", "legendgrouptitle": { "text": "muninn-embed + sqlite-vector-pq" } } ], "layout": { "title": { "text": "Recall@k (Wealth of Nations)" }, "xaxis": { "title": { "text": "Dataset Size (N vectors)" }, "type": "log" }, "yaxis": { "title": { "text": "Recall@k" }, "type": "linear" }, "template": "plotly_white", "legend": { "orientation": "v", "yanchor": "top", "y": 0.99, "xanchor": "left", "x": 1.02, "groupclick": "togglegroup" } } }